Algal Synthesis of Metal-Based Nanoparticles for Corrosion Protection and Adsorption: A Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62638/ZasMat1547Abstract
The synthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) using algal extracts has emerged as a green, sustainable approach with significant promise for corrosion protection and environmental remediation, particularly adsorption applications. Algae—rich in bioactive compounds such as phenolics, proteins and polysaccharides—serve as natural reducing and stabilizing agents during nanoparticle formation. These biochemical constituents vary across different algal classes (green, brown, red and blue-green), influencing both synthesis outcomes and functional performance. This review outlines the preparation of algal extracts, the mechanisms behind nanoparticle biosynthesis and the physicochemical factors—such as pH, temperature and precursor concentration—that govern nanoparticle characteristics. Special attention is given to the corrosion-inhibiting mechanisms of algae-mediated MONPs, including surface passivation, barrier film formation and electrochemical interference. ZnO, CuO and Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles synthesized via algal routes have demonstrated high inhibition efficiencies, sometimes exceeding 90%, under acidic and saline conditions. Their adsorption potential is equally noteworthy, with several studies reporting strong affinity for heavy metals and organic dyes, attributed to surface charge modulation and porosity.
This paper also explores the environmental benefits and sustainability of algal-based synthesis methods, which offer a non-toxic, biodegradable alternative to conventional chemical synthesis. By integrating insights into anti-corrosion behavior and adsorption mechanisms, this review highlights the dual functionalities of algal-mediated MONPs as both corrosion inhibitors and adsorbents, underscoring their role in eco-friendly material science and wastewater treatment technologies.
Keywords:
Algae, Metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs), Green nanoparticle synthesis, Eco-friendly materials, Corrosion protection, Adsorption, Metal surface coatingReferences
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